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Chapter-13
Kshetra-Kshetragya Vibhag Yog
1-2: Arjuna said: O my dear
Krsna, I wish to know about prakrti [nature], pursa [the
enjoyer], and the field and the knower of the field, and
of knowledge and the object of knowledge.
The Supreme Personality of Godhead said: This body, O
son of Kunti, is called the field, and the one who knows
this body is called the knower of the field.
3: O scion of Bharata, you should understand that I
am also the knower in all bodies, and to understand this
body and its knower is called knowledge. That is My
opinion.
4: Now please hear My brief description of this
field of activity and how it is constituted, what its
changes are, whence it is produced, who that knower of
the field of activities is, and what his influences are.
5: That knowledge of the field of activities and of
the knower of activities is described by various sages
in various Vedic writings. It is especially presented in
Vedanta-sutra with all reasoning as to cause and effect.
6-7: The five great elements, false ego,
intelligence, the unmanifested, the ten senses and the
mind, the five sense objects, desire, hatred, happiness,
distress, the aggregate, the life symptoms, and
convictions-all these are considered, in summary, to be
the field of activities and its interactions.
8-12: Humility; pridelessness; nonviolence;
tolerance; simplicity; approaching a bona fide spiritual
master; cleanliness; steadiness; self-control;
renunciation of the objects of the sense gratification;
absence of false ego; the perception of the evil of
birth, death, old age and disease; detachment; freedom
from entanglement with children wife, home and the rest;
even-mindedness amid pleasant and unpleasant events;
constant and unalloyed devotion to Me; aspiring to live
in a solitary place; detachment from the general mass of
people; accepting the importance of self-realization;
and philosophical search for the Absolute Truth-all
these I declare to be knowledge and besides this
whatever there may be is ignorance.
13: I shall now expain the knowable, knowing which
you will taste the eternal. Brahman, the spirit,
beginningless and subordinate to Me, lies beyond the
cause and effect of this material world.
14: Everywhere are His hands and legs, His eyes,
heads and faces, and He has ears everywhere. In this way
the Supersoul exists, pervading everything.
15: The Supersoul is the original source of all
senses, yet He is without senses. He is unattached,
although He is the maintainer of all living beings. He
transcends the modes of nature, and at the same time He
is the master of all the modes of material nature.
16: The Supreme Truth exists outside and inside of
all living beings, the moving and the nonmoving. Because
He is subtle, He is beyond the power of the material
senses to see or to know. Although far, far away, He is
also near to all.
17: Although the Supersoul appears to be divided
among all beings, He is never divided. He is situated as
one. Although He is the maintainer of every living
entity, it is to be understood that He devours and
develops all.
18: He is the source of light in all luminous
objects. He is beyond the darkness of matter and is
unmanifested. He is knowledge, He is the object of
knowledge, and He is the goal of knowledge. He is
situated in everyone’s heart.
19: Thus the field of activities [the body],
knowledge and the knowable have been summarily described
by Me. Only My devotees can understand this thoroughly
and thus attain to My nature.
20: Material nature and the living entities should
be understood to be beginningless. Their transformations
and the modes of matter are products of material nature.
21: Nature is said to be the cause of all material
causes and effects, whereas the living entity is the
cause of the various sufferings and enjoyments in this
world.
22: The living entity in material nature thus
follows the ways of life, enjoying the three modes of
nature. This is due to his association with that
material nature. Thus he meets with good and evil among
various species.
23: Yet in this body there is another, a
transcendental enjoyer, who is the Lord, the supreme
proprietor, who exists as the overseer and permitter,
and who is known as the Supersoul.
24: One who understands this philosophy concerning
material nature, the living entity and the interaction
of the modes of nature is sure to attain liberation. He
will not take birth here again, regardless of his
present position.
25: Some perceive the Supersoul within themselves
through meditation, others through the cultivation of
knowledge, and still others through working without
fruitive desires.
26: Again there are those who, although not
conversant in spiritual knowledge, begin to worship the
Supreme Person upon hearing about Him from others.
Because of their tendency to hear from authorities, they
also transcend the path of birth and death.
27: O chief of the Bharatas, know that whatever you
see in existence, both the moving and the nonmoving, is
only a combination of the field of activities and the
knower of the field.
28: One who sees the Supersoul accompanying the
individual soul in all bodies, and who understands that
neither the soul nor the Supersoul within thye
destructible body is ever destroyed, actually sees.
29: One who sees the Supersoul equally present
everywhere, in every living being, does not degrade
himself by his mind. Thus he approaches the
transcendental destination.
30: One who can see that all activities are
performed by the body, which is created of material
nature, and sees that the self does nothing, actually
sees.
31: When a sensible man ceases to see different
identities due to different material bodies and he sees
how beings are expanded everywhere, he attains to the
Brahman conception.
32: Those with the vision of eternity can see that
the imperishable soul is transcendental, eternal, and
beyond the modes of nature. Despite contact with the
material body, O Arjuna, the soul neither does anything
nor is entangled.
33: The sky, due to its subtle nature, does not mix
with anything, although it is all-pervading. Similarly,
the soul situated in Brahman vision does not mix with
the body, though situated in that body.
34: O son of Bharatas, as the sun alone illuminates
all this universe, so does the living entity, one within
the body, illuminate the entire body by consciousness.
35: Those who see with eyes of knowledge the
difference between the body and the knower of the body,
and can also understand the process of liberation from
bondage in material nature, attain to the supreme goal.
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